§¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ (1949 ¡ª )

1 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1949 §Ô. §Ó §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú 300 §ä§í§ã. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ö§Ü§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §´§ñ§ß§î§Ñ§ß§î§Þ§ï§ß§î §ß§Ñ §ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ú§ä§Ú§ß§Ô, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §®§Ñ§à §¸§Ù§ï§Õ§å§ß §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¬§¯§².

§£ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§² §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §å§ã§á§Ö§ê§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§à §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§å §Ó §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 90% §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, 300 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Ü§â§Ö§ã§ä§î§ñ§ß §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î§ð 47 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Ô§Ñ. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §á§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ü§å (1953 ¡ª 1957 §Ô§Ô.) §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ú§Ù§å§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Ó. §³§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Û §â§à§ã§ä §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ã§Ú§Ý 8,9%; §Ò§í§Ý §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß §è§Ö§Ý§í§Û §â§ñ§Õ §Ò§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Û §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§ß§Õ§å§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ý§Ö§ä§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§Ý§à§Ö §Ú §ä§à§é§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §ï§ß§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à, §Þ§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ý§å§â§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ô§à§â§ß§à§Ô§à 
 §à§Ò§à§â§å§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§á§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î §Ú §è§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ý§í.

1957 ¡ª 1966 §Ô§Ô. §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §±§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã 1956 §Ô. §Ó 1966 §Ô. §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §æ§à§ß§Õ§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í (§Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §ã§ä§à§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§ß§à§Þ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú) §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó 4 §â§Ñ§Ù§Ñ. §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ (§Ó §ã§à§á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§ç §è§Ö§ß§Ñ§ç) §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ 58%. §±§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Õ§å§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§â§à§ã§Ý§à §Ó §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à, §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù; §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ü §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ö§Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö. «§£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ», §Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ§ã§ñ §ã §Þ§Ñ§ñ 1966 §Ô. §á§à §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§î 1976 §Ô., §ß§Ñ§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ §ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §å§â§à§ß §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Û §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §Ù§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§².

§£ §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1976 §Ô. §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§â§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §¸§Ù§ñ§ß §¸§Ú§ß §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è «§£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú». §¢§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §¸§¬ §¬§±§¬ §¥§ï§ß §³§ñ§à§á§Ú§ß §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ç, §á§à§Õ §Ö§Ô§à §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §ã 1979 §Ô. §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ü §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ö§Û. §±§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§å §å§Ô§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§â§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§í §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§â§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§à§Û. §©§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ§í §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ §Ú §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ò§å§â§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§à §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §à§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§².

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