§¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§² §Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó

§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1949 §Ô. §¬§¯§² §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú: §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ 1954 §Ô., §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ 1975 §Ô., §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ 1978 §Ô. §Ú §ß§í§ß§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ 1982 §Ô. §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§² 1982 §Ô. §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ú 4 §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§í - "§°§Ò§ë§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ", "§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß", "§¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à" §Ú "§¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §æ§Ý§Ñ§Ô, §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ô§Ö§â§Ò, §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ñ §¬§¯§²", §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Ö 138 §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Û. §£ 1988, 1993 §Ú 1999 §Ô§Ô. §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §á§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ü §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§í §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú.

§¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ §¬§¯§² §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Þ§å §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ß§å §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ: §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ; §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ, §á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ú, §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó, §ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Û; §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §Ó§Ö§â§à§Ú§ã§á§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ; §Ý§Ú§é§ß§å§ð §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §Ú §å§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ü§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú§ë§Ñ; §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §Ú §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Û§ß§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú; §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §Ó§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ñ§Õ§â§Ö§ã §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð; §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ä§â§å§Õ, §à§ä§Õ§í§ç §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à §ã§ä§Ñ§â§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§ä§Ö§â§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§à§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú; §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§à§Û, §Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û, §ç§å§Õ§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ô§à §â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ.

§³§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä 7 §à§ä§â§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Û: §¬§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã §ß§Ö§ð §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§í; §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à; §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à; §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à; §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à, §µ§Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Õ§Ö§Ü§ã; §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ú §ß§Ö§á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§å§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§è§Ö§Õ§å§â§í. §³ 1979 §Ô. §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ö§Ö §Ú §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö. §¬ §Ü§à§ß§è§å 2001 §Ô. §£§ã§Ö§Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §³§à§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 400 §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Ó, §¤§à§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¬§¯§² - §à§Ü§à§Ý§à §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý, §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §³§¯§± - §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 10 §ä§í§ã. §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý. §£§ã§Ö §ï§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§í §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ.

¡¡

¡¡
§¡§Ó§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä «§¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §ª§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä-§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§å».
§£§ã§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ë§Ö§ß§í. E-mail: webmaster@china.org.cn